TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - CERAMICS AND GLASS - Preferred Parameters: Glass article has average coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) at 20-300 degrees C of 3-7.5 ppm/K, preferably 4-7 ppm/K; compressive stress (CS) of greater than or equal to 450 MPa, preferably greater than or equal to 550 MPa; heat conductivity ( gamma ) of greater than or equal to 0.9 W/mK, preferably greater than or equal to 1.1 W/mK; glass transition temperature (Tg) of greater than or equal to 550 degrees C, preferably greater than or equal to 580 degrees C; thermal shock resistance ( Delta ) of greater than or equal to 450 degrees C, preferably greater than or equal to 640 degrees C; and high surface tension ( sigma ), which is defined as molecule interaction on surface of molten glass liquid, of greater than or equal to 200x 10-3 N/m, preferably greater than or equal to 220x 10-3 N/m at melting temperature. CS can be improved by 10%, preferably 30%, and chemical toughening time can be shortened by 10%, preferably 30%, by usage of doped ion cesium(I) (Cs+) in potassium nitrate (KNO3) through only one step of ion exchange. Preferred Compositions: Ratio R'O/R2O is 5-23, preferably 7-15. Ratio (Al2O3+CaO+MgO+SrO+BaO)/(B2O3+K2O+Na2O) is 0.1-1.8, preferably 0.4-1.5. Ratio of Sigma O/ Sigma (Si+Al+B) is 1-2.5, preferably 1.5-2. Ratio (B2O3+MgO+CaO+SrO+BaO)/(Na2O+K2O+Al2O3) is 0-3.3, preferably 0.2-2.9. R2O content is greater than or equal to 4 mol.%, preferably greater than or equal to 8 mol.%. Preferred Processes: Glass article is chemically toughened by ion exchange having a depth of layer (DOI) of greater than or equal to 8 mu m, preferably greater than or equal to 15 mu m. Glass article contains thin glass or ultrathin glass having thickness of less than or equal to 1 mm, preferably less than or equal to 0.03 mm, which can be formed by float, micro-float, down-draw, slot-draw, or fusion-draw, can be processed by mechanical cutting with diamond tip, cutting wheel, or alloy cutting wheel, can be cut by thermal cutting or laser cutting, can be processed by hole drilling using ultrasonic drilling or sand blasting, or can be chemically etched on the edge or surface to make structures. Method of laser cutting includes conventional continuous wave (CW) laser cutting and non-conventional filament cutting with ultra-short pulse laser. Chemically toughened glass article can be used on one glass solution and can be processed by laser cutting or mechanical cutting. Glass article can be laminated with sapphire directly, glass powder, or optical clear adhesive (OCA). Glass article can be doped by silver(I) and/or copper(I) in KNO3 within one step of chemical toughening to have antimicrobial property. Glass article can be formed to three-dimensional- or 2.5 dimensional-shape by precision molding. Preferred Conditions: Chemical toughening temperature is 400-480 degrees C, and chemical toughening time is 2-8 hours.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Components: Glass article contains metal with high molecular refractive index containing dopant sources, such as silver, potassium, cesium, barium, yttrium, lanthanum, silicon, praseodymium, tellurium, germanium, titanium, zirconium, niobium, tantalum, tungsten, manganese, erbium, ytterbium, and/or lutetium in which refractive index (nd) is greater than or equal to 1.52, preferably greater than or equal to 1.54, in which same metal is used to colorize glass article by ion-exchanging with chemical toughening.