TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Components: The semiconductor material consists of two or more elements and a binary compound. The binary compound is a Group II-VI semiconductor, a Group III-V semiconductor, a Group IV-VI semiconductor, a Group IV-IV semiconductor, a metal oxide, or a metal sulfide. The Group II-VI semiconductor is cadmium selenide, cadmium sulfide, cadmium telluride, zinc selenide, zinc sulfide, zinc selenide, mercury selenide, mercury sulfide or mercury telluride. The Group III-V semiconductor is boron nitride, boron phosphide, boron arsenide (B12As2), aluminum nitride, aluminum phosphide, aluminum arsenide, aluminum antimonide, gallium nitride, gallium phosphide, gallium arsenide, gallium antimonide, indium nitride, indium phosphide, indium arsenide or indium antimonide. The Group IV-VI semiconductor is lead selenide, lead sulfide, lead telluride, tin sulfide, tin disulfide or tin telluride. The Group IV-IV semiconductor is silicon carbide. The metal oxide is zinc oxide, cadmium oxide, lead oxide, molybdenum oxide, silver oxide, sodium oxide, metal oxide, selenium dioxide or iron oxide (Fe2O3). The metal sulfide is cadmium sulfide, lead sulfide, molybdenum disulfide, silver sulfide, sodium sulfide, zinc sulfide, metal sulfide (MeS), selenium disulfide or iron disulfide. The semiconductor material is a ternary compound. The ternary compound is indium gallium arsenide, indium manganese arsenide, cadmium manganese telluride, lead manganese telluride, lead tin telluride, lead selenium telluride, lead selenium sulfide, lead tellurium sulfide, thallium germanium telluride (Tl2GeTe5), gallium manganese arsenide or zinc silicon phosphide (ZnSiP2).    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - METALLURGY - Preferred Components: The semiconductor material is an element of Group XIV of the periodic table such as silicon and germanium. The first element of the binary compound is cadmium, mercury, zinc, indium, gallium, aluminum, lead, silicon, molybdenum, silver, sodium, metal, selenium or iron, and the second element of the binary compound is selenium, tellurium, sulfur, nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, carbon or oxygen.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Components: The amino acid is a natural or non-natural amino acid. The peptides consist of 2-12 natural or non-natural amino acid residues. The natural amino acid is aspartic acid, tyrosine, leucine, tryptophan, arginine, valine, glutamic acid, methionine, phenylalanine, serine, alanine, glutamine, glycine, proline, threonine, asparagine, lysine, histidine, isoleucine, cysteine and selenocysteine. The non-natural amino acid is diaminopropionic acid, diaminobutyric acid, ornithine, aminoadipic acid, 13-alanine, 1-naphthylalanine, 3-(1-naphthyl)alanine, 3-(2-naphthyl)alanine, gamma -aminobutiric acid, 3-(aminomethyl)benzoic acid, p-ethynyl-phenylalanine, p-propargly-oxyphenylalanine, m-ethynyl-phenylalanine, p-bromophenylalanine, p-iodophenylalanine, p-azidophenylalanine, p-acetylphenylalanine, azidonorleucine, 6-ethynyl-tryp- tophan, 5-ethynyl-tryptophan, 3-(6-chloroindolyl)alanine, 3-(6-bromoindolyl)alanine, 3-(5-bromoindolyl)alanine, azidohomoalanine, p-chlorophenylalanine, alpha -aminocaprylic acid, O-methyl-L-tyrosine, N-acetylgalactosamine- alpha -threonine and N-acetylgalactosamine- alpha -serine.