TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Components: The first redox active species comprises iodide, an iron (Fe2+) complex, a cobalt (Co2+) complex, viologen, L-cysteine, ferrocene, 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy free radical, nickel (III) bis(dicarbollide) complexes or 5-mercapto, 1-methyltetrazole. The first ionic liquid and/or the second ionic liquid comprises an organic cation selected from the group consisting of alkyl or dialkyl derivatives of pyridinium, guanidinium, imidazolium, ammonium and sulfonium, preferably consisting of 1,3-dimethylimidazolium, 3-butyl-1-methylimidazolium, 3-propyl-1-methylimidazolium, 3-ethyl-1-methylimidazolium, 4-butyl-pyridinium, N-dimethyl pyrrolidinium, N-methyl-N-ethylpyrrolidinium and N-methyl-N-butylpyrrolidinium tetraethylarnmonium. The second ionic liquid comprises a fluorinated anion and an anion comprising fluorinated/perfluorinated organic moiety, fluorinated/perfluorinated inorganic group, and/or fluorinated/perfluorinated alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, borate and phosphate, preferably bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide, tris (pentafluoroethyl) trifluorophosphate, trifluoromethanesulfonate, heptachlorodialuminate, hydrogensulfate, alkylsulfate, methanesulfonate, dimethylphosphate, diethylphosphate, diethylphosphate, hexafluorophoshate and nonaflate. The electrolyte comprised a third ionic liquid, gelling agents and viscosity-reducing agent comprising polar organic liquid. The viscosity-reducing agent comprises gamma butyrolactone, cyclic lactone, sulfolane, methyl sulfolane, cyclic and acyclic sulfoxide, cyclic and acyclic ketone and alkoxypropionitrile including butoxy and methoxy propionitrile, dinitrile compounds including glutaro, adiponitriles, oligo and polyglymes, oligo- and poly-ethyleneimine, dentrimer and star-burst compounds.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - POLYMERS - Preferred Components: The gelling agent comprises high surface area particles, polyacrylonitrile, poly(4-vinylimidazole), poly(4-vinylpyridine), poly(vinyl pyrrolidone), poly(vinylidine fluoride), poly(ethyelene oxide), polyethyleneimine, polymethylmethacrylate and poly(organophosphate).