TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Components: The diameter of GNRsCNT aerogel is 1 nm to 50 microns, the porosity is 90-99%, density is 0.03-0.80 g/cm3, ratio of surface area is 20-2000 m2/g, the conductivity is 10-5 to 104 S/m. In the step (i), when preparing carboxylated carbon nanotube aqueous solution, the carbon nano tube used is multi-walled carbon nano tube, double-walled carbon nano tube, single-walled carbon nanotube, or multi-walled carbon nanotube array. In the step (ii), not adding any dopant or adding dopant, where the dopant is pyrrole, aniline, urea, aqueous ammonia, L-cysteine or bismelamine as soluble nitrogen source with nitrogen atom, or phosphoric acid, or triphenylphosphine or phosphoric acid as soluble phosphorus source with phosphorus atoms, or boric acid, borated amine or borate as soluble boron source with boron atom, or thiophene, methionine, powdered sulfur, N-dodecylmercaptan, or thiosemicarbazide as soluble sulfur source with sulfur atom. Preferred Method: In the step (iv), the drying process is freeze drying or supercritical fluid drying method, the freezing drying specifically comprises adding resulting hydrogel in distilled water, soaking for 5-12 hours, repeating 4-10 times, adding tertiary butyl alcohol, soaking for 5-12 hours, after pouring tert-butanol, repeating for 2-4 times, freezing gel at -5 degrees C to -50 degrees C for not less than 30 minutes, then drying for 30 minutes to 48 hours at 10-100 degrees C to obtain complete aerogel; the supercritical fluid drying method specifically comprises adding resulting hydrogel in ethyl alcohol or acetone, soaking for 5-10 hours, repeating for 4-8 times, obtaining alcoholic gel or ketone gel, under vacuum degree of 1-1000 Pa, using supercritical ethanol or supercritical carbon dioxide for drying not less than 2 hours to obtain complete aerogel. In the step (v), the carbonization temperature is 200-1100 degrees C, the inert gas is argon gas or nitrogen, heating speed is 1-50 degrees C/minute, carbonizing time is 1-48 hours, the cooling speed is 1-50 degrees C/minute.