TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Components: The chemical frits have a spheroidal shape. The chemical frits comprise a simple salt, a mixed salt or a complex salt, formed by at least one metal cation and at least one anion. The metal cation is metals of group III, group IV, group V and/or of block D. The metal cation is thallium, lead, tin, bismuth, antimony, nickel, copper, zinc or silver. The anion is carbonate, bicarbonate, borate, acetate, selenate, selenite, tellurate, tellurite, vanadate, silicate, fatty acid anions and their hydrates. The chemical frits have a melting temperature of lower than 900 degrees C, preferably lower than 600 degrees C. The upper electrode comprises a first layer contacting the antireflective layer, and a second layer contacting the first layer, where the first layer is formed using the conductive paste or ink. Preferred Method: The chemical frits are mixed with conventional glass frits in an amount of greater than zero, preferably 0.01-3.5 wt.%. The step (a) is performed by of impregnation, dipping, pouring, dripping, injection, spraying, knife coating, brushing and/or printing. The step (b) is performed by firing or sintering, preferably at a temperature of 400-1000 degrees C, for a period of 0.5-30 minutes.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Composition: The paste or ink comprises 0.05-7 wt.%, preferably 1.5-3.5 wt.% of the chemical frits, 65-95 wt.% of the conductive metal particles, and 2-20 wt.% of the organic solvent. Preferred Components: The organic additive is organic binders and surfactants.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - POLYMERS - Preferred Components: The substrate is a polymeric substrate, a paper sheet, insulating material or semiconductor material. EXAMPLE - Typical paste or ink comprised of 2.25 wt.% of 2-(4'-biphenylyl)-6-phenyl benzoxazole, 86.02 wt.% of silver powder, 0.82 wt.% of cellulose acetate, 0.01 wt.% of polyethylene glycol p-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)-phenyl ether and 10.9 wt.% of Carbitol (RTM: 2-(2-Ethoxyethoxy)ethanol).