TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Process: The carbonaceous particles to be surface-modified are graphitic particles including natural or synthetic graphite, exfoliated graphite, graphene, few-layer graphene, graphite fibers or nano-graphite, and/or non-graphitic carbon including carbon black, petroleum- or coal-based coke, glassy carbon, nanotubes or fullerenes, optionally together with other non-carbonaceous particles (e.g. metallic particles). The carbonaceous particles to be surface-modified are characterized by a ratio of the peak areas of the (004) and (110) reflections (peak area% (004)/(110)) of higher than 3, preferably higher than 10. In the process, during the dispersion step carbon black, colloidal graphite, carbon nanotubes, or at least one fine metal/metalloid such as silicon, aluminum, tin, silver, copper, nickel, antimony, germanium, metal/metalloid oxides such as titanium dioxide, lithium titanate, silicon oxide (SiOx), or Tin oxide (SnOx) (where x is not defined), chalcogenides, or metal alloy powder is added to the dispersion, optionally the metal/metalloid is silicon, aluminum, tin or alloys comprising the metals. In the process: the carbonization is achieved by a thermal decomposition under vacuum or an inert atmosphere, optionally under a nitrogen or argon atmosphere, at 600-3000 degrees C, preferably 1000-1500 degrees C; prior to the carbonization step the spray-dried particles are subjected to a pre-treatment performed under vacuum, air, nitrogen, argon or carbon dioxide atmosphere at temperature below 700 degrees C, preferably 500 degrees C; and the carbonized particles are subjected to an additional heat treatment in a gas atmosphere such as nitrogen, argon, mixtures of nitrogen with hydrocarbons like acetylene, propane or methane, or with oxidative gases such as air, steam or carbon dioxide to adjust the morphology and surface chemistry of the amorphous carbon-coated carbonaceous particles, optionally where the heat treatment is carried out at 800-1600 degrees C. Preferred Components: The composition is mixed together with at least one surface-modified carbonaceous particle, where the additional surface-modified carbonaceous particles are different from the first surface-modified carbonaceous particles, or the composition is mixed together with other unmodified or modified carbonaceous particles.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Process: In the process, the carbonaceous particles and the amphiphilic organic compound are dispersed in the presence of a solvent; and the amphiphilic organic compound is added in a ratio of less than or equal to 1 :3 wt/wt. with regard to the carbonaceous particles to be coated. In the process, further additives are added to the dispersion. Preferred Components: The solvent is a polar solvent including water, methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, and acetone, optionally the solvent is water.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - POLYMERS - Preferred Components: The amphiphilic organic compound is: PEO-PPO-PEO block copolymers, polyglycol ethers, alkyl-aryl polyethylene glycol ethers, aryl-ethyl-phenyl polyglycol ethers, aryl polyglycol ether, carboxylic acid polyethylene glycol ester nonionic surfactant, alkyl polyoxyethylene ethers or aryl polyoxyethylene ethers; novolac-based resins such as nonylphenol novolac ethoxylate; polystyrene methacrylate co-polymers, polyacrylates or polyacrylate co-polymers; and/or alkyl-, phenyl- or polyalkylphenyl sulfonates. The additives are starch, carboxy methyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, polyacrylates, polyurethanes, furfuryl alcohol, furfural, polyvinyl alcohol, formaldehyde phenol resins, formaldehyde tetrahydrofuran resins, sucrose, glucose, or other sugars, polyether ether ketone, polyphenylene sulfide, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, pyromellitic acid, citric acid, polyaniline, styrene, tannic acid, synthetic latex based on styrene butyl rubber, nitrile butyl rubber, ammonia, maltodextrin, acetic acid, formic acid, gum arabic, gelatins, polystyrene latex, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polylactic acid, malic acid, stearic acid and/or polystyrene acryl rubber. The amphiphilic organic compound is sulfated lignin and/or lignosulfonate salt. The particle size distribution of the particles to be coated is characterized by particle size distribution having D(90) of less than 90 mu m, preferably D90 of less than 25 mu m, and/or a D(50) of less than 50 mu m, or D(50) of less than 20 mu m. In the surface-modified carbonaceous particles, the core particles further comprises an aspect ratio of less than 0.8, and the particles are further characterized by a xylene density of below 2.22 g/cm3, or preferably below 2.20 g/cm3. In the surface-modified carbonaceous particles: the core of the particles coated with amorphous carbon is graphitic carbon having an interlayer distance c/2 of less than or equal to 0.337 nm (surface-modified graphitic particles); and the particles are characterized by a ratio of the peak areas of the (004) and (110) reflections (peak area% (004)/(110)) of lower than 3.6, preferably lower than 2. The surface-modified graphitic particles further characterized by: a porosity of at least 70%, preferably at least 74%; a mass loss of pyrolated carbon in a pure oxygen atmosphere determined by thermogravimetric analysis of at least 4%, preferably 5-25%; a particle size distribution having a D(90) value of 15-45 mu m, and/or a D50 value of 15-25 mu m, and/or D10 value of 5-15 mu m; and particles having an aspect-ratio (k((AR),p)) value and particles having sphericity (k(s,p) value, as given in the specification. In the surface-modified carbonaceous particles: the core of the particles coated with amorphous carbon is formed by , carbon black, petroleum-based coke and/or coal-based coke, characterized by an interlayer distance c/2 of the core of greater than or equal to 0.34 nm; and the carbonaceous particles have a BET surface area of less than 7 m2/g, a crystallite size (Lc) of less than 10 nm, and a porosity of 55-80%. In the surface-modified carbonaceous particles, the carbonaceous core is formed by a multiplicity of agglomerated smaller particles. The surface-modified carbonaceous particles further comprise the additive. In the surface-modified carbonaceous particles, the carbonaceous particles further comprise at least one additional coating on the surface. In the surface-modified carbonaceous particles, the particles comprises essentially of graphite particles and amorphous carbon, where the amorphous carbon on the surface of the particles is produced by carbonization of the amphiphilic organic compound. The surface-modified carbonaceous particles have a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentration of less than 200 mg/kg, preferably less than 0.5 mg/kg. EXAMPLE - In a plastic beaker 450 g of ammonium lignosulfonate was dissolved in 9 l of deionized water by stirring for 30-40 mm with a dissolver plate. To this solution, 3 kg of a synthetic graphite no. 3 (properties listed in table 2 of the specification) was slowly added by high shear mixing using the dissolver equipped with a saw-tooth blade. The dispersion was constantly mixed under high shear for at least 1 hour. Spray dryer equipped with a rotary atomizer disk was used to dry the coated graphite particles. An inlet temperature of 200 degrees C with a nominal drying gas rate of 80 kg/hour in the co-current mode was used and a water evaporation rate of 2.3 kg/hour was obtained. The resulting dried powder was carbonized and heat treated at 1050 degrees C in an inert atmosphere for 3 hours with a heating rate of 4 degrees C/minute.