NOVELTY - Self-cooling type photovoltaic back plate comprises sequentially bonded water-absorbent layer, weatherproof layer, first adhesive layer, insulating layer, second adhesive layer and water-repellent layer. The absorbent layer is polymerizable hydrophilic monomer, antioxidants, UV absorber, light stabilizer, curing agent or inorganic filler in a form of super-absorbent resin coating layer. The polymerizable hydrophilic monomer is at least two of methacrylic acid, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, acrylic acid, acrylamide, sodium methacrylate, sodium acrylate and N,N-dimethyl bis-acrylamide.    USE - Used as self-cooling type photovoltaic back plate.    ADVANTAGE - The self-cooling type photovoltaic back plate exhibits increased efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Self-cooling type photovoltaic back plate comprises sequentially bonded water-absorbent layer, weatherproof layer, a first adhesive layer, an insulating layer, a second adhesive layer and a water-repellent layer. The absorbent layer is a polymerizable hydrophilic monomer, antioxidants, UV absorber, light stabilizer, curing agent or inorganic filler in the form of super-absorbent resin coating layer. The polymerizable hydrophilic monomer is at least two of methacrylic acid, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, acrylic acid, acrylamide, sodium methacrylate, sodium acrylate or N,N-dimethyl bis-acrylamide, where the polymerizable hydrophilic monomer is present at a concentration of 57-97.8 wt.%. The antioxidant is at least one of tris(4-nonylphenol)phosphite, tris (2,4-di-t-butylphenyl)phosphite and/or tetrakis(methyl - beta -(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate)pentaerythritol ester, where antioxidant is present at a concentration of 0.3-5 wt.%. The UV absorber is at least one of 2,4-hydroxy benzophenone, 2-(2'-hydroxy-5'-tert-octylphenyl) benzotriazole, 2-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-6-(dodecyl)-4-methylphenol, hydroxy-4-n-octyloxy benzophenone, 2-(2'-hydroxy-3'-tert-butyl-5'-methylphenyl)-5-chloro-benzotriazole and/or 2-(2'-hydroxy-3',5'-bis (a,a-dimethylbenzyl)phenyl)benzotriazole, where UV absorber is present at a concentration of 0.2-3 wt.%. The light stabilizer is at least one succinic acid, (4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidine-ol polymer), bis(2,2,6,6-tetrafluoro-4-piperidyl) sebacate and/or bis(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl phosphoric acid monoethyl ester) nickel, where the light stabilizer is present at concentration of 0.2-5 wt.%. The inorganic filler is at least one titanium dioxide, silicon dioxide and/or zinc oxide, where inorganic filler is present at concentration of 1-25 wt.%. The curing agent is at least one dicumyl peroxide, benzoyl peroxide, tert-butyl peroxide and/or 2-ethylhexyl carbonate, where curing agent is present at a concentration of 0.5-5 wt.%. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for preparing self-cooling type photovoltaic back plate, comprising: coating polyurethane adhesive on both sides of the insulating layer; heat pressing water-repellent layer and weatherproof layer to the front and back of the insulating layer respectively; and introducing desired absorbent layer monomers and various additives into a stirred tank and stirring the solution to obtain a slurry, coating the slurry on top of the weatherproof layer, and hot air drying, curing, and rolling after curing it into the oven.