NOVELTY - Plant comprises a pyrolysis chamber (4) free of conveying goods, integrated in a screw tube (2) or mixing screw trough (3), a combustion chamber (7) integrated in a discharge region (6), a supply device for supplying reaction media for oxygen-containing gases, vapors, inert gases, reducing gases, liquids and/or fuels, integrated in discharge region and/or the combustion chamber or arranged in the discharge region, a nozzle for extracting gases or for supplying gases and/or adjuvants, a gas-tight closure, a material feed connection, a material discharge nozzle, and conveying- and mixing screws.    USE - The plant is useful for pyrolysis of biomass and biomass residues by direct pyrolysis in a conveying- or mixing screw system to produce vegetable coal (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The plant is simple and performed pyrolysis in safe manner.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Plant comprises a pyrolysis chamber (4) free of conveying goods, integrated in a screw tube (2) or mixing screw trough (3), a combustion chamber (7) integrated in a discharge region (6) or arranged on the discharge region, a supply device for supplying reaction media for oxygen-containing gases, vapors, inert gases, reducing gases, liquids and/or fuels, integrated in discharge region and/or the combustion chamber or arranged in the discharge region, a nozzle for extracting gases or for supplying gases and/or adjuvants, arranged over the entire length at regular intervals, a gas-tight closure alongside the input- and discharge region frontally on the screw tube or the mixing screw trough, integrated with a gas-tight shaft seal for the screw shaft, a material feed connection connected with a feeding device for biomass and/or biomass residues via fitting pieces and/or compensation elements, a material discharge nozzle connected with a material collecting device or a material discharge device for carbonized biomass and/or biomass residues via fitting pieces and/or compensation elements, and conveying- and mixing screws having fixed pitch angle or arranged on two height adjustable trough bearings. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for producing vegetable coal from biomass and biomass residues by direct pyrolysis in conveying- and mixing screw system, comprising guiding optionally heated starting material comprising biomass and/or biomass residues from optionally heated supply device through the fitting pieces and/or compensation elements into the material feed connection of the conveying- and mixing screw system, transporting the starting material by means of the screw of the screw conveyor in the screw tube or mixing screw trough for material discharge connection, dropping, collecting and cooling in the material collecting device directly coupled by fitting pieces and/or compensation elements or dropping and actively removing in material discharge device for carbonized biomass and/or biomass residues, blowing hot reaction medium in a burner means arranged on the combustion chamber into the pyrolysis chamber via the combustion chamber, directly supplying cooled and/or oxygen amounting to 1-5% of the amount of exhaust gas, and/or hot inert gas at 850 degrees C and/or reducing effect gas via the supply device for reaction media directly integrated in the combustion chamber or arranged separately in the region of the combustion chamber, sucking a partial volume of the formed pyrolysis gas from the drive nozzle means by means of the supply device and mixing with the blowing gas, preferably oxygen-containing gases, vapors, inert gases and/or reducing gases, reacting, adjusting pyrolysis gas exhaust temperatures to 200-400 degrees C, removing pyrolysis gas formed by reactions with the bulk material or supplying further gases and/or adjuvants into the pyrolysis chamber, transporting the starting materials from the area of the material feed connection with a conveying speed for material discharge connection adjustable by the inclination of the conveying- and mixing screw system and/or by rotation of the paddles and/or rotation speed of the screw, pyrolyzing and carbonizing the reaction media in counterflow to the transporting direction of the starting material, indirectly heating the pyrolyzed and carbonized starting material in a double-walled and segmented screw tube by supplying a gaseous or liquid heating medium, indirectly cooling by supplying gaseous or liquid cooling medium segment-wise, performing differentiated temperature control over the conveyor length of the conveying- and mixing screw system, transporting pyrolysis gas removed from conveying- and mixing screw system without condensation of pyrolysis oils and other condensates, and flowing the pyrolysis gas directly into gas afterburner and downstream gas cleaning system or for energy recovery in a plant for production of energy from fuels.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of the plant (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Screw tube (2)    Mixing screw trough (3)    Pyrolysis chamber (4)    Discharge region (6)    Combustion chamber (7)