NOVELTY - A composite carbonaceous material comprises porous carbonaceous matrix comprising composite oxide(s) or metal of at least one element within its pores capable of forming one or more alloys with lithium. The composite oxide(s) or metal(s) are either in the form of nanoparticles, or in the form of coating located at the surface of the interior walls of pores and/or channels. The composite carbonaceous material comprises 20-70 %mass composite oxide or metal with respect to total mass of the composite carbonaceous material. The pores and channels have average diameter of 1-50 nm.    USE - Composite carbonaceous material is used in electrode e.g. negative electrode used for lithium-ion battery (all claimed) used in electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The composite carbonaceous material is prepared by controlling porosity. The lithium-ion battery obtained using the composite carbonaceous material has high capacity and excellent cycle characteristics.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A composite carbonaceous material comprises porous carbonaceous matrix comprising composite oxide(s) or metal of at least one element within its pores capable of forming one or more alloys with lithium. The composite oxide(s) or metal(s) are either in the form of nanoparticles, or in the form of coating located at the surface of the interior walls of pores and/or channels. The composite carbonaceous material comprises 20-70 %mass composite oxide or metal with respect to total mass of the composite carbonaceous material. The pores and channels have average diameter of 1-50 nm. The total pore volume is 0.1-1.96 cm3/g. The micropore volume of pores and/or channels having lower average diameter of 2 nm is 10-50% of the total pore volume of the composite carbonaceous material. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) preparation of composite carbonaceous material, which involves preparing gel by contacting aromatic hydroxyl compound, preferably chosen from phenol, resorcinol and phloroglucinol, and aldehyde compound(s) chosen from glyoxal, formaldehyde and acetaldehyde, keto acid, glyoxylic acid, pyruvic acid, 2-methyl-3-oxopropanoic acid, in the presence of a solvent, surfactant or structuring agent, curing the gel at 20-35 degrees C for 0.5-6 days, carbonizing the resultant product in presence of an inert gas at 450-2000 degrees C, obtaining porous carbonaceous material, crushing the porous carbonaceous material, contacting crushed porous carbonaceous material by impregnating with at least precursor of composite oxide or metal, drying material at 60-110 degrees C for 6-48 hours, and heat-treating and/or chemical-treating the impregnated and dried material; and    (2) electrode, which comprises composite carbonaceous material.