NOVELTY - A torrefaction reactor (100) comprises preheater section (200) consisting of preheater housing (202) and preheater bank which includes preheater plates (220) arranged within preheater housing, with each of preheater plates having inlet (210) and outlet (212) to facilitate flow of preheater fluid through preheater plates; and torrefaction section (300) arranged to receive biomass material from preheater section and consisting of torrefaction housing (302) and torrefaction bank which includes torrefaction plates (320) arranged within torrefaction housing and torrefaction purge gas openings.    USE - A torrefaction reactor for particulate biomass material (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The torrefaction reactor facilitates drying, torrefaction, and cooling the biomass material within a single apparatus without transporting biomass material between separate apparatuses. Combustibles, including volatiles, dust, and tar, produced during torrefaction may be removed from the torrefaction reactor, increasing the safety of the torrefaction reactor by inhibiting the build-up and ignition of combustibles in the reactor. Removed combustibles may also be used to produce heat for subsequent torrefaction, increasing the energy efficiency of the torrefaction reactor and providing a torrefaction process that is partially self-sustaining.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A torrefaction reactor comprises preheater section consisting of preheater housing and preheater bank which includes preheater plates arranged within preheater housing in spaced relationship to facilitate flow of biomass material between preheater plates by gravitational force, with each of preheater plates having inlet and outlet to facilitate flow of preheater fluid through preheater plates for heating biomass material to temperature lower than torrefaction temperature; and torrefaction section arranged to receive biomass material from preheater section and consisting of torrefaction housing, torrefaction bank which includes torrefaction plates arranged within torrefaction housing in spaced relationship, after biomass material is heated in preheater housing, to facilitate flow of biomass material between torrefaction plates by gravitational force, with each of torrefaction plates having inlet (310) and outlet (312) to facilitate flow of torrefaction fluid through torrefaction plates for heating biomass material to torrefaction temperature, 1st torrefaction purge gas opening (338) on 1st side of torrefaction housing, and 2nd torrefaction purge gas opening (344) on 2nd side of torrefaction housing to facilitate flow of torrefaction purge gas across torrefaction housing in which torrefaction purge gas provides oxygen-depleted environment within torrefaction section.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic diagram of a torrefaction reactor with a portion cut away to show detail.    Torrefaction reactor (100)    Preheater section (200)    Preheater housing (202)    Preheater plate inlet (210)    Preheater plate outlet (212)    Preheater plates (220)    Torrefaction section (300)    Torrefaction housing (302)    Torrefaction plate inlet (310)    Torrefaction plate outlet (312)    Torrefaction plates (320)    1st torrefaction purge gas opening (338)    2nd torrefaction purge gas opening (344)