TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Compositions: Electrochemical cell additionally contains Li-anode and/or sulfur (S) cathode. Electrochemical cell has an electrode containing greater than or equal to 1 layer of polymer (a). Electrochemical cell is a battery, preferably a Li/S battery. Ceramic layer is ionically conductive ceramic layer containing Li, phosphorus (P), nitrogen (N), oxygen (O), S, or selenium (Se), preferably ceramic layer is selected from lithium phosphorous oxynitride (LiPON) , lithium oxide (Li2O), or lithium nitride (Li3N). Electroactive layer is selected from Li metal or Li metal alloy. Electrode is an anode, preferably Li anode, or cathode, preferably S cathode.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Compositions: Conducting salt is lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6), lithium bis(oxalate)borate (LiBOB), or bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide lithium salt (LiTFSI), preferably LiTFSI. Solvent is 1,3-dioxolane (DOL) and/or 1,2-dimethoxyethane (DME), preferably 1: 1 mixture of 1,3-DOL and 1,2-DME. Weight ratio monomer (a2):(a1) is 1:1-1:100, preferably 10:100-1:100.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - POLYMERS - Preferred Compositions: Polymer additionally contains polymerized units of further monomer (a3) containing ethylenically unsaturated unit, preferably styrene, anionic monomer selected from acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, or maleic acid, or salt of anionic monomer. Monomer (a1) is selected from compound of formula H2C=C(R3)-C(=O)-N(R1)(R2) (I). Monomer (a2) is selected from compound of formula H2C=C(R3)-T-C(R12)=CH2 (II).R1=1-10C-alkyl, -(CHR4)mXR5, -(CHR6CHR7O)mR5, or -(CHR6CHR7O)m-(CHR8CHR9O)n-(OHR10OHR11O)oR5;R2=H , 1-10C alkyl, -(CHR4)mXR5, -(CHR6CHR7O)mR5, or -(CHR6CHR7O)m-(CHR8CHR9O)n-(CHR10CHR11O)oR5;R3,R4,R6-R11=H or 1-3C alkyl;R5=H or 1-18C alkyl;X=O, NH, or S;m,n=1-16;o=0-10;T=-C(O)L-, -C(O)-L-C(O)-, or -L-;L=-(CHR4)m, -O-(CHR6CHR7O)m, -O-(CH2)o-(cyclohexylene)-(CH2)o-O-, -NR2-(CHR4)p-NR2-, -NR2(CHR4)pO-(CHR6CHR7O)m(CHR4)pNR2-, -NR2(CHR6CHR7O)m-CHR8CHR9NR2, or -NR2(CHR6CHR7O)m(CHR8CHR9O)n(CHR10CHR11-O)o-CHR13-CHR14-NR2-; andR2=H, 1-10C alkyl, -(CHR4)m-X-R5, -(CHR6CHR7O)mR5, or -(CHR6CHR7O)m-(CHR8CHR9O)n(CHR10CHR11O)oR5.Preferred Processes: Radical polymerization is carried out on surface of electrode, preferably on surface of Li anode.